Effects radii for 20 kiloton airburst* (smallest to largest): ▼
Fallout: Your choice of burst height is too high to produce significant local fallout. The minimum burst height to produce appreciable fallout for a yield of 20 kiloton is 180 m.
Created by Alex Wellerstein, 2012-2017.
For more about the nuclear past and present, follow @wellerstein on Twitter, and read Restricted Data: The Nuclear Secrecy Blog.
Fireball radius: 200 m (0.13 km²)
Maximum size of the nuclear fireball; relevance to lived effects depends on height of detonation. If it touches the ground, the amount of radioactive fallout is significantly increased. Minimum burst height for negligible fallout: 180 m. Air blast radius (20 psi): 0.76 km (1.82 km²)
At 20 psi overpressure, heavily built concrete buildings are severely damaged or demolished; fatalities approach 100%. Optimal height of burst to maximize this effect is 490 m. Radiation radius (500 rem): 1.31 km (5.42 km²)
500 rem radiation dose; without medical treatment, there can be expected between 50% and 90% mortality from acute effects alone. Dying takes between several hours and several weeks. Air blast radius (5 psi): 1.72 km (9.26 km²)
At 5 psi overpressure, most residential buildings collapse, injuries are universal, fatalities are widespread. Optimal height of burst to maximize this effect is 0.85 km. Thermal radiation radius (3rd degree burns): 2.21 km (15.4 km²)
Third degree burns extend throughout the layers of skin, and are often painless because they destroy the pain nerves. They can cause severe scarring or disablement, and can require amputation. 100% probability for 3rd degree burns at this yield is 8.9 cal/cm2.*Detonation altitude: 500 m.
Note: Rounding accounts for any inconsistencies in the above numbers.
Maximum size of the nuclear fireball; relevance to lived effects depends on height of detonation. If it touches the ground, the amount of radioactive fallout is significantly increased. Minimum burst height for negligible fallout: 180 m. Air blast radius (20 psi): 0.76 km (1.82 km²)
At 20 psi overpressure, heavily built concrete buildings are severely damaged or demolished; fatalities approach 100%. Optimal height of burst to maximize this effect is 490 m. Radiation radius (500 rem): 1.31 km (5.42 km²)
500 rem radiation dose; without medical treatment, there can be expected between 50% and 90% mortality from acute effects alone. Dying takes between several hours and several weeks. Air blast radius (5 psi): 1.72 km (9.26 km²)
At 5 psi overpressure, most residential buildings collapse, injuries are universal, fatalities are widespread. Optimal height of burst to maximize this effect is 0.85 km. Thermal radiation radius (3rd degree burns): 2.21 km (15.4 km²)
Third degree burns extend throughout the layers of skin, and are often painless because they destroy the pain nerves. They can cause severe scarring or disablement, and can require amputation. 100% probability for 3rd degree burns at this yield is 8.9 cal/cm2.*Detonation altitude: 500 m.
Note: Rounding accounts for any inconsistencies in the above numbers.
Fallout: Your choice of burst height is too high to produce significant local fallout. The minimum burst height to produce appreciable fallout for a yield of 20 kiloton is 180 m.
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